ITS IMPORTANT TO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS!SAMPLE  ATTACHED!Develop a 3–5-page report that explains how an organization serves the health care concerns and needs of a population. The report should iden

ITS IMPORTANT TO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS!SAMPLE  ATTACHED!Develop a 3–5-page report that explains how an organization serves the health care concerns and needs of a population. The report should iden
Running head: ORGANI ZATIONAL EVALUATION 1 Copyright © 201 7 Capella University. Copy and distribution of this document is prohibited. Organizational Evaluation Learners Name Capella University Health Promotion and Disease Prevention in Vul nerable and Diverse Populations Organizational Evaluation May, 2017 ORGANIZATIONAL EVALU ATION 2 Organizational Eva luatio n East Harlem , an upper Manhattan neighborhood, is home to many immigrant communities including one of the largest Latino communities in New York City with a n overall population of nearly 120,000 . This neighborhood has the largest population of Latinos and African -American s with low incomes in New York City . Because of their low socioeconomic status and low quality of living , the residents of this neighborhood face several health concerns. Diabetes is a major health concern in the United States, but the residents of East Harlem are disproportionately affected by it (Fox , Mann, Ramos, Kleinman , & Horowitz, 2012 ; National Alliance for Hispanic Health [NAHH] , n.d). East Harlem has the highest diabetes mortality rate (13% ) and the highest incidence of obesity (33%) in New York City (New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene [NYCDOHMH] , 2015). This disparity exists as Hispanics lack access to proper nutrition. The Frequency and Causes of Diabetes among the Vulnerable Population The high rate of diabetes among the residents of Ea st Harlem can be better understood by analyzing the factors behind it. There are a number of factors that contribute to higher rate s of diabetes among certain racial or e thnic groups. Lack of a ccess to health care because of language and financial barriers directly impact the rates of diabetes mortality. According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHCRQ) , the diabet es patients among Hispanics are more like ly than whites to get readmitted to hospitals within a span of six months since the beginning of the treatment (NAHH , 2010). A primary reason for the increased occurrence of diabetes among the Hispanic residents of East Harlem is the lack of resources to cope with their external environment, stress -related problems , and poor nutrition. A lack of exercise also contribute s to the onset of diabetes among ORGANIZATIONAL EVALU ATION 3 Hispanics. The external environment also plays a large role in th e onset of diabetes by crea ting unequal opportunities for people from different backgrounds to participate in recreational physical activities . A poor understanding of the disease contributes to higher instances of diabetes among Hispanics . Finally , because of a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors, Hispanics are more likely to have a family history of diabetes (NAHH, 2010). Initiatives Implemented to Fight Diabetes in East Harlem The Center for Chronic Illnesses (CCI) is one of the hospitals in East Harlem that deals with all major illnesses including diabetes. The CCI can help the vulnerable diabetic population in East Harlem by implementing appropriate strategies :  Administrating insulin and glucose injections and pre scrib ing oral medication to control elevated blood pressure levels ;  Provid ing practical lifestyle management tips to the Hispanic population in East Harlem by emphasizing relevant exercise methods and healthy dietary plans ;  Prescribing pill s, such as INVOKANA (canagliflozin) , to be used once a day, along with diet ary regulations and exercise, to lower blood glucose in adults with type 2 diabetes.  Using an initiative called the Chronic Care Model. This initiative aims to optimize six important elements of the health care system in the CCI : organization of health care, decision support, self -management support, clinical information systems , delivery system design, and community resources and policies ;  Ensuring the optimization of the health care system by improving the use of existing resources, creating new resources, and promoting a new policy of interaction between empowered patients and proactive health teams (Baptista et al. , 2016). This sort of interaction encourages the patients Comment [A1]: Very good! Discusses well. ORGANIZATIONAL EVALU ATION 4 to cope with and manage diabetes independently , which helps them avoid frequent and preventable hospitalizations ; and  Implement ing a major project founded under the Chronic Care Model called Project Dulce . This project uses a team -based approach w here nurse care managers oversee care and peer educators provid e culturally appropriate, group -based diabetes self -management education (DSME) to patients .  Health care organizations can communicate these initiatives to the residents of East Harlem through care coordination. This involves sharing information among all of the participants concerned with a patient’s care and organizing patient care activities , to achieve safer and more effective care. This means that the patient’s preferences and needs are known ahead of time and communicated to the right people at the right time , and that this information is used to provide appropriate, safe, and effective care to the patient (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [AHRQ], 2014) . treatment of the disease. Gaps in Health Care for the Treatment of Diabetes As discussed earlier, a majority of the residents in East Harlem are at a high risk for diabetes because of a combination of genetic and economic factors . But, many of them are uninsured and hence medical treatments automatically become more expensive and inaccessible to them owing to their low socioeconomic status. This neglect can lead to higher rates of hospitalizations and increased chances of chronic disease and disability ( Alliance to Reduce Disparities in Diabetes [ARDD] , n.d.). Some of the gaps in health care organizations for the treatment of diabetes are as follows :  A limited capacity to address both the prevention and the treatment of the disease when an org anization works alone to tackle diabetes. In addition, health care organizations may lack staff Comment [A2]: Nice! ORGANIZATIONAL EVALU ATION 5 member who can speak Spanish . This causes problems in communication between the physicians and patients (ARDD , n.d.); and  Ensur ing the implementation of health y eating among individuals . One of the barriers to implementing these recommendations could be that Hispanics face societal pressure to eat foods that are high in fats and do not have access to affordable healthy food. To address these gaps in medical care for diabetic Hispanics, health care organizations should implement interventions that have a strong clinical and scientific foundation (Hu , Amirehsani, Wallace , & L etvak , 2013). Implementation of Evidence -Based Strategies to R educe Gaps in Medical Care for Diabet ics in East Harlem One way to address the gaps in health care provided to diabetic Hispanics in East Harlem is to increas e health literacy among the Hispanic residents of this area . Health literacy refers to the extent to which people have the capability to process, obtain, and understand basic health information and services needed to make health -related decisions. In February 2016, Carranza (2016) attempted to carry out a study to see how knowledgeable the Hispanic population s are about diabetes. Patients were given immediate feedback on their responses to improve their understanding of diabetes. The results of this study showed that 81.3% of the pa tients were unable to accurately read a nutrition label. To address the gaps in nutritional education or healthy eating it would also be beneficial for the patients if the CCI could conduct monthly nutritional classes that teach the basic principles of how to interpret nutritional labels , with a focus on the ideal amount of consumable carbohydrate s. Patients presented with this information will be able to better manage their diabetes and avoid the negative consequences of an extremely high blood sugar le vel (Carranza, 2016). Health care organizations should also take collaborative action with other health an d Comment [A3]: Need to be clearer in this area on the causes of the gaps. Comment [A4]: I am not sure that it is a quick solution to increase the health literacy. I would change this! ORGANIZATIONAL EVALU ATION 6 community development centers from other neighborhoods in the city . Other community development centers can also teach the health care organizations to communicate information about resources to patients in the ir native language (Philis -Tsimikas & Gallo, 2014) . Barriers to Implementing Evidence -Based Strategies in the Care of Diabetes While strategies that educate patients about diabetes and assist them to manage their condition can help bridge gaps in the diabetes health care service, there are further barriers to the implementation of the se strategies . One of the biggest barriers to the prevention and treatment of diabetes is the lack of general practitioners (GPs) and clinicians in health care center s. Some GPs are reluctant to collaborate with diabetes educat ors and dieticians as they feel it diminishe s the value of their role. Because of this attitu de, the y are effectively depriving their patients of holistic treatment ( Mc Hugh, O’ Mullane, Perry , & Bradley, 2013 ). Conclusion Health care providers play an important role in helping diabetic patients overcome the barriers to self -management of their condition . If patients are aware enough to cope with the illness on their own, they do not have to spend money on frequent hospitalizations. Health care providers should a ctively engag e with the patient s to ensure the patients’ compliance with the treatment plan . Cultural competency and language training to overcome communication gaps will build trust and encourage patients to open up to the health care workers. Additionally, encouraging family members to attend diabetes education programs provides them the opportunity to learn more about the disease. However, there are some social and financial barriers to the effective treatment of diabetes. Further research needs to be done about the barriers to self -management of diabetes and the effect ive interventions to overcome the se barriers (Hu et al., 2013). Comment [A5]: This part is very good! ORGANIZATIONAL EVALU ATION 7 References Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2014). Care Coordination. Retrieved from https://.ahrq.gov/professionals/prevention -chronic -care/improve/coordination/index.html Alliance to Reduce Disparities in Diabetes. (n.d.). Disparities in diabetes: Prevention and care. Retrieved from https://merck.com/corporate – responsibility/docs/access/DisparitiesFACTSHEET.pdf Baptisa, D. R., Wiens, A., Pontarolo, R., Regis, L., Reis, W. C ., & Correr, C. J. (2016). The chronic care model for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome , 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098 -015 -0119 -z Carranza, E. (2016). Health literacy in the Hispanic population (Doctoral disserta tion). Retrieved from http://nmfonline.org/wp -content/uploads/2016/02/Carranza -Elizabeth -Paper.pdf Carranza, E. (2016). Health literacy in the Hispanic population (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://nmfonline.org/wp -content/uploads/2016/02/Carra nza -Elizabeth – Paper.pdf Mc Hugh, S., O’Mullane, M., Perry, I. J., & Bradley, C. (2013). Barriers to, and facilitators in, introducing integrated diabetes care in Ireland: a qualitative study of views in general practice. BMJ Open , 3(8), e003217. doi:10.113 6/bmjopen -2013 -003217 Fox, M., Mann, D. M., Ramos, M. A., Kleinman, L. C., & Horowitz, C. R. (2012). Barriers to physical activity in East Harlem, New York. Journal of Obesity , 2012 , 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/719140 Hu, J., Amirehsani, K., Wallace, D. C., & Letvak, S. (2013). Perceptions of barriers in managing diabetes. The Diabetes Educator , 39(4), 494 –503. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145721713486200 ORGANIZATIONAL EVALU ATION 8 Mc Hugh, S. , O’Mullane, M., Perry, I. J., & Bradley, C. (2013). Barriers to, and facilitators in, introducing integrated diabetes care in Ireland: a qualitative study of views in general practice. BMJ Open , 3(8), e003217. doi:10.1136/bmjopen -2013 -003217 National Alliance for Hispanic Health. (2010). The state of diabetes among Hispanics. Retrieved from http://healthyamericas.org/uploads/2/5/8/7/25879931/stateo fdiabetes2010_copy.pdf New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (2015). Manhattan community district 11: East Harlem . Retrieved from https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/data/2015chp -mn11.pdf Philis -Tsimikas, A., & Gallo, L. C. (2014) . Implementing community -based diabetes programs: The Scripps Whittier Diabetes Institute experience. Current Diabetes Reports , 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892 -013 -0462 -0